23. 12. 2019
Government debt as % GDP
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Government Debt as % GDP (1)
Source: Trading Economics
KT Vývoj (KT Development), Karel Tichý, 4 May 2024
The debt-to-GDP ratio (government debt as a percentage of GDP). Only the countries of the European Union, the UK and the USA are included in this comparison (29 countries). Since 1995 public debt in the UK rose from 44.5% to 97.6% of GDP. Most countries have reduced their debts over the past 3 years (including UK). (Ranking: less debt = better position).
RANKING in 2023:
1. Estonia (19.6%), 2. Bulgaria, 3. Luxembourg, 4. Denmark, 5. Sweden, 6. Lithuania, 7. Latvia, 8. Ireland, 9. Czechia, 10. Netherlands ... 16. Germany ... 22. UK (97.6%) ... 27. USA, 28. Italy, 29. Greece (162%).
DIFFERENCES 2020 - 2023:
Biggest move up: Ireland (5 positions, before 13., after 8.), Croatia (5 positions, before 20., after 15.), Portugal (4 positions, before 27., after 23.), Cyprus (4 positions, before 24., after 20.).
Biggest move down: Czechia (5 positions, before 4., after 9.), Finland (3 positions, before 16., after 19.), France (3 positions, before 23., after 26.), Malta (3 positions, before 10., after 13.).
UNITED KINGDOM:
1995 - 2010: Down 9 pos. (before 11., after 20.)
2010 - 2020: Down 1 pos. (before 20., after 21.)
2020 - 2023: Down 1 pos. (before 21., after 22.)
The highest government debt to GDP in the world:
Lebanon (283%), Japan (264%), Sudan (256%), Venezuela (241%), Singapore (168%), Eritrea (164%), Greece (162%).
The lowest government debt to GDP in the world:
Brunei (2.1%), Kuwait (3.4%), Turkmenistan (8%), Congo (13.3%), Burundi (16.8%), Bosnia and Herzegovina (17.1%).
United Kingdom : 97,6 % / 44,5 % (1995) / + 53,1
Development of the Debt (1995 - 2023)
Country : status in 2023 (% GDP) / status 1995 / Difference
Austria : 77,8 % / 68,3 / + 9,5
Belgium : 105,0 % / 131,3 / - 26,3
Bulgaria : 20,0 % / 96,2 (1997) / - 76,2
Croatia : 63,5 % / 22,6 / + 40,9
Cyprus : 77,3 % / 49,0 / + 28,3
Czechia : 44,0 % / 13,7 / + 30,3
Denmark : 29,3 % / 52,4 (2000) / - 23,1
Estonia : 19,6 % / 8,0 / + 11,6
Finland : 75,8 % / 55,2 / + 20,6
France : 111,0 % / 56,1 / + 54,9
Germany : 63,6 % / 54,9 / + 8,7
Greece : 162,0 % / 99,0 / + 63,0
Hungary : 73,5 % / 84,1 / - 10,6
Ireland : 43,7 % / 78,5 / - 34,8
Italy : 137,0 % / 119,4 / + 17,6
Latvia : 43,6 % / 13,9 / + 29,7
Lithuania : 38,3 % / 11,5 / + 26,8
Luxembourg : 25,7 % / 7,2 (2000) / + 18,5
Malta : 50,4 % / 34,4 / + 16,0
Netherlands : 46,8 % / 73,1 / - 26,3
Poland : 49,6 % / 47,6 / + 2,0
Portugal : 99,1 % / 62,2 / + 36,9
Romania : 48,8 % / 6,6 / + 42,2
Slovakia : 56,0 % / 21,6 / + 34,4
Slovenia : 69,2 % / 18,2 / + 51,0
Spain : 108,0 % / 61,5 / + 46,5
Sweden : 31,2 % / 69,2 / - 38,0
United Kingdom : 97,6 % / 44,5 / + 53,1
USA : 129,0 % / 65,1 / + 63,9
TOP 10 (Government debt as % GDP) - 2023
(only EU, UK, USA)
Rank. Country: Government debt as % GDP
1. Estonia: 19,6 %
2. Bulgaria: 20,0 %
3. Luxembourg: 25,7 %
4. Denmark: 29,3 %
5. Sweden: 31,2 %
6. Lithuania: 38,3 %
7. Latvia: 43,6 %
8. Ireland: 43,7 %
9. Czechia: 44,0 %
10. Netherlands: 46,8 %
16. Germany: 63,6 %
22. United Kingdom: 97,6 %
26. France: 111,0 %
27. USA: 129,0 %
28. Italy: 137,0 %
29. Greece: 162,0 %
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TOP 10 - 1995 Rank. Country: Debts 1. Romania: 6,6 %
2. Estonia: 8,0 %
3. Lithuania: 11,5 %
4. Czechia: 13,7 %
5. Latvia: 13,9 %
6. Slovenia: 18,2 %
7. Portugal: 21,6 %
8. Slovakia: 21,6 %
9. Croatia: 22,6 %
10. Malta: 34,4 %
11. UK: 44,5 %
14. Germany: 54,9 %
16. France: 56,1 %
18. USA: 65,1 %
24. Greece: 99,0 %
25. Italy: 119,4 %
26. Belgium: 131,3 %
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TOP 10 - 2000 Rank. Country: Debts 1. Estonia: 5,1 %
2. Luxembourg: 7,2 %
3. Latvia: 12,1 %
4. Czechia: 17,0 %
5. Romania: 22,5 %
6. Lithuania: 23,5 %
7. Slovenia: 25,9 %
8. Croatia: 35,7 %
9. Ireland: 36,1 %
10. Poland 36,5 %
11. UK: 36,8 %
18. USA: 55,6 %
22. France: 58,9 %
23. Germany: 59,1 %
27. Greece: 104,9 %
28. Italy: 109,0 %
29. Belgium: 109,6 %
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|
TOP 10 - 2010 Rank. Country: Debts 1. Estonia: 6,6 %
2. Bulgaria: 15,4 %
3. Luxembourg: 19,8 %
4. Romania: 29,6 %
5. Lithuania: 36,3 %
6. Czechia: 37,4 %
7. Sweden: 38,2 %
8. Slovenia: 38,3 %
9. Portugal: 41,0 %
10. Slovakia: 41,0 %
20. UK: 74,6 %
22. Germany: 82,4 %
24. France: 85,3 %
26. USA: 91,2 %
27. Belgium: 100,3 %
28. Italy: 119,2 %
29. Greece: 146,2 %
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TOP 10 - 2020 Rank. Country: Debts 1. Estonia: 17,6 %
2. Bulgaria: 23,9 %
3. Luxembourg: 24,5 %
4. Czechia: 42,0 %
5. Sweden: 36,3 %
6. Denmark: 36,6 %
7. Latvia: 43,6 %
8. Lithuania: 43,7 %
9. Romania: 48,9 %
10. Malta: 56,3 %
15. Germany: 68,6 %
21. UK: 105,6 %
23. France: 112,8 %
26. USA: 127,0 %
27. Portugal: 125,5 %
28. Italy: 150,3 %
29. Greece: 194,5 %
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Development of the debt
The number in brackets after the abbreviation of the country name shows the rank of this country in the world in the relevant year. Red or blue numbers at the end of the line = difference.
UK vs. Ireland (Government debt [% GDP])
1995 – UK (10.): 76% less IRL (22.) – 44,5 vs. 78,5 / - 34,0
2000 – UK (11.): 2% more IRL (9.) – 36,8 vs. 36,1 / 0,7
2005 – UK (12.): 52% more IRL (6.) – 39,6 vs. 26,1 / 13,5
2010 – UK (19.): 15% less IRL (24.) – 74,6 vs. 86,0 / - 11,4
2015 – UK (21.): 13% more IRL (17.) – 86,9 vs. 76,7 / 10,2
2020 – UK (21.): 75% more IRL (13.) – 102,4 vs. 58,4 / 44,0
2023 – UK (22.): 123% more IRL (8.) – 97,6 vs. 43,7 / 53,9
UK vs. USA (Government debt [% GDP])
1995 – UK (10.): 46% less USA (18.) – 44,5 vs. 65,1 / - 20,6
2000 – UK (11.): 51% less USA (18.) – 36,8 vs. 55,6 / - 18,8
2005 – UK (12.): 56% less USA (20.) – 39,6 vs. 61,6 / - 22,0
2010 – UK (19.): 22% less USA (25.) – 74,6 vs. 91,2 / - 16,6
2015 – UK (21.): 15% less USA (24.) – 86,9 vs. 100,1 / - 13,2
2020 – UK (21.): 25% less USA (26.) – 102,4 vs. 128,1 / - 25,7
2023 – UK (22.): 32% less USA (27.) – 97,6 vs. 129,0 / - 31,4
UK vs. Austria (Government debt [% GDP])
1995 – UK (10.): 53% less A (19.) – 44,5 vs. 68,3 / - 23,8
2000 – UK (11.): 80% less A (25.) – 36,8 vs. 66,1 / - 29,3
2005 – UK (12.): 73% less A (24.) – 39,6 vs. 68,6 / - 29,0
2010 – UK (19.): 11% less A (22.) – 74,6 vs. 82,7 / - 8,1
2015 – UK (21.): 2% more A (20.) – 86,9 vs. 84,9 / 2,0
2020 – UK (21.): 23% more A (19.) – 102,4 vs. 83,2 / 19,2
2023 – UK (22.): 25% more A (21.) – 97,6 vs. 77,8 / 19,8
UK vs. Czechia (Government debt [% GDP])
1995 – UK (10.): 225% more CZ (4.) – 44,5 vs. 13,7 / 30,8
2000 – UK (11.): 116% more CZ (4.) – 36,8 vs. 17,0 / 19,8
2005 – UK (12.): 42% more CZ (9.) – 39,6 vs. 27,9 / 11,7
2010 – UK (19.): 99% more CZ (6.) – 74,6 vs. 37,4 / 37,2
2015 – UK (21.): 117% more CZ (7.) – 86,9 vs. 40,0 / 46,9
2020 – UK (21.): 172% more CZ (4.) – 102,4 vs. 37,7 / 64,7
2023 – UK (22.): 122% more CZ (9.) – 97,6 vs. 44,0 / 53,6
UK vs. France (Government debt [% GDP])
1995 – UK (10.): 26% less F (15.) – 44,5 vs. 56,1 / - 11,6
2000 – UK (11.): 60% less F (22.) – 36,8 vs. 58,9 / - 22,1
2005 – UK (12.): 70% less F (23.) – 39,6 vs. 67,4 / - 27,8
2010 – UK (19.): 14% less F (23.) – 74,6 vs. 85,3 / - 10,7
2015 – UK (21.): 10% less F (22.) – 86,9 vs. 95,6 / - 8,7
2020 – UK (21.): 12% less F (23.) – 102,4 vs. 115,0 / - 12,6
2023 – UK (22.): 14% less F (26.) – 97,6 vs. 111,0 / - 13,4
UK vs. Germany (Government debt [% GDP])
1995 – UK (10.): 23% less D (13.) – 44,5 vs. 54,9 / - 10,4
2000 – UK (11.): 61% less D (23.) – 36,8 vs. 59,1 / - 22,3
2005 – UK (12.): 70% less D (22.) – 39,6 vs. 67,3 / - 27,7
2010 – UK (19.): 10% less D (21.) – 74,6 vs. 82,4 / - 7,8
2015 – UK (21.): 21% more D (15.) – 86,9 vs. 72,1 / 14,8
2020 – UK (21.): 49% more D (15.) – 102,4 vs. 68,7 / 33,7
2023 – UK (22.): 53% more D (16.) – 97,6 vs. 63,6 / 34,0
UK vs. Italy (Government debt [% GDP])
1995 – UK (10.): 168% less IT (25.) – 44,5 vs. 119,4 / - 74,9
2000 – UK (11.): 196% less IT (28.) – 36,8 vs. 109,0 / - 72,2
2005 – UK (12.): 169% less IT (28.) – 39,6 vs. 106,6 / - 67,0
2010 – UK (19.): 60% less IT (28.) – 74,6 vs. 119,2 / - 44,6
2015 – UK (21.): 56% less IT (28.) – 86,9 vs. 135,3 / - 48,4
2020 – UK (21.): 52% less IT (28.) – 102,4 vs. 155,6 / - 53,2
2023 – UK (22.): 40% less IT (28.) – 97,6 vs. 137,0 / - 39,4
UK vs. Poland (Government debt [% GDP])
1995 – UK (10.): 7% less PL (11.) – 44,5 vs. 47,6 / - 3,1
2000 – UK (11.): 1% more PL (10.) – 36,8 vs. 36,5 / 0,3
2005 – UK (12.): 17% less PL (16.) – 39,6 vs. 46,4 / - 6,8
2010 – UK (19.): 40% more PL (13.) – 74,6 vs. 53,1 / 21,5
2015 – UK (21.): 69% more PL (10.) – 86,9 vs. 51,3 / 35,6
2020 – UK (21.): 78% more PL (12.) – 102,4 vs. 57,4 / 45,0
2023 – UK (22.): 97% more PL (12.) – 97,6 vs. 49,6 / 48,0
UK vs. Slovakia (Government debt [% GDP])
1995 – UK (10.): 106% more SK (7.) – 44,5 vs. 21,6 / 22,9
2000 – UK (11.): 37% less SK (13.) – 36,8 vs. 50,5 / - 13,7
2005 – UK (12.): 14% more SK (10.) – 39,6 vs. 34,7 / 4,9
2010 – UK (19.): 82% more SK (9.) – 74,6 vs. 41,0 / 33,6
2015 – UK (21.): 67% more SK (11.) – 86,9 vs. 51,9 / 35,0
2020 – UK (21.): 72% more SK (14.) – 102,4 vs. 59,7 / 42,7
2023 – UK (22.): 74% more SK (14.) – 97,6 vs. 56,0 / 41,6
Sources:
Government debt as percent of GDP
Trading Economics
Country List Government Debt to GDP: 2 Mai 2024
https://tradingeconomics.com/country-list/government-debt-to-gdp?continent=europe
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